The role of the United Nations in climate change is to coordinate treaties, negotiations, reporting, science and finance—not govern national climate policy.
Climate justice asks who caused climate change, who suffers most, who should pay for action and how costs and benefits can be shared fairly.
The Kyoto Protocol created binding emissions targets, carbon markets and compliance rules that shaped the global climate system before Paris.
International climate cooperation links national action through shared targets, finance, technology, transparency and rules for a shared atmosphere.
